Literature · StudentHub Lesson

Literary Devices & Figurative Language

Identify metaphors, similes, and other figurative devices writers use to create meaning.

17 minIntermediate
01

What you will learn

  • Define metaphor, simile, and personification
  • Distinguish figurative from literal language
  • Explain how imagery creates sensory experience
  • Identify symbolism in literary texts
  • Analyze the effect of figurative language on tone
02

Watch the lesson

The art of the metaphor - Jane Hirshfield · TED-Ed

Watch on YouTube
03

Topic notes

Main Idea

Writers use figurative language and literary devices to express ideas beyond their literal meaning, deepening emotion and imagery in a text.

Key Concepts

  • Figurative language creates comparisons and vivid images
  • Metaphors state one thing IS another; similes use 'like' or 'as'
  • Personification gives human traits to non-human things
  • Symbolism uses objects to represent larger ideas

Definitions

  • Metaphor: a direct comparison without 'like' or 'as'
  • Simile: a comparison using 'like' or 'as'
  • Personification: giving human qualities to non-human things
  • Imagery: descriptive language appealing to the senses
  • Symbolism: using an object/image to represent an idea

Structures / Templates

  • Metaphor template: '[Subject] is a [comparison].'
  • Simile template: '[Subject] is like/as [comparison].'

Examples

  • Metaphor: 'Time is a thief.'
  • Simile: 'Her smile was like sunshine.'
  • Personification: 'The wind whispered through the trees.'

Common Mistakes

  • Confusing metaphor and simile
  • Overusing clichéd comparisons
  • Missing symbolism because it isn't stated directly
  • Treating figurative language as literal fact
04

Key concepts

Metaphor = direct comparisonSimile = comparison using like/asPersonification = human traits to non-humanImagery appeals to sensesSymbolism represents bigger ideas
05

Important terms

Metaphor
A comparison stating one thing is another, without 'like' or 'as'.
Simile
A comparison using 'like' or 'as'.
Personification
Giving human characteristics to non-human things.
Symbolism
Using an object or image to represent a larger idea.
06

Quick revision

  • Metaphor: direct comparison
  • Simile: uses like/as
  • Personification: human traits to objects
  • Imagery: sensory language
  • Symbolism: object represents an idea
  • Figurative language deepens meaning
07

Check your understanding

Question 1 · Multiple choice

Which sentence contains a simile?

Question 2 · Multiple choice

'The wind whispered through the trees' is an example of:

Question 3 · True or false

A metaphor uses 'like' or 'as' to make a comparison.

Question 4 · Short answer

What literary device uses an object to represent a larger idea?

Question 5 · Multiple choice

Descriptive language that appeals to the five senses is called:

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